【中文關(guān)鍵詞】 殷墟孝民屯; 大型鑄范; 銅盤; 盥洗禮儀;
【英文關(guān)鍵詞】 Xiaomintun on the Yin Ruins large-sized casting mold bronze pan basins washing ritual;
【英文摘要】 In the light of the bronzes so far unearthed from the Yin Ruins and their casting technology known through researches,the present paper studies the bottom mold of large-sized bronze vessels unearthed from Xiaomintun on the Yin Ruins in the excavation of 2003 to 2004,and affirms its casts to have been large-sized bronze pan basins.Taking into account related historical records and oracle-bone inscriptions,the author concludes that Shang and Zhou bronze pan were all wash-vessels and a little differed from  each other in use. Moreover, during the Shang-Zhou period, there was intricate washing ritual, including not only ceremonious actions of face, hair and hand washing, but also those of all body bathing in large-sizedpanin the case of grand sacrificial activities.

    孝民屯村位于安陽市西北約5公里,東距小屯村約2•5公里,屬殷墟保護(hù)區(qū),村東瀕臨洹河。2003年春至2004年春夏,為配合安陽鋼鐵公司的基本建設(shè),中國社會科學(xué)院考古研究所和河南省文物考古研究所組成聯(lián)合發(fā)掘隊(duì),在孝民屯村進(jìn)行了發(fā)掘,發(fā)掘面積達(dá)6萬余平方米[1]。在村的南部,發(fā)現(xiàn)了大面積的商代鑄銅遺存,其中一件大型鑄范的底部范芯座引起了學(xué)術(shù)界的關(guān)注。作為發(fā)掘工作的直接參與者,我們依據(jù)當(dāng)時發(fā)掘的實(shí)際情況,從這件大型鑄件的鑄造工藝和器形分析入手,對商周銅盤的用途及商代盥洗禮儀提出粗淺的看法,望大家指正。

原文發(fā)表在《考古》2009年第6期

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